The baseline is the invisible foundation line where the bottom edge of most characters sits. It serves as the primary benchmark for calculating other key typographic proportions, including overall line-height and the x-height of lowercase letters.
When this structural line is duplicated at fixed intervals throughout a document, it forms a baseline grid, which dictates the vertical rhythm of text blocks. For instance, configuring a 16-pixel baseline grid means that an anchoring guide is established every 16 vertical pixels down the page to keep multiple columns of text perfectly aligned.
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